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Blockchain as a service providers offer a cloud-based service model that enables users to develop, deploy, and manage blockchain applications without building and maintaining their own blockchain infrastructure. They provide a pay-as-you-go model platform for users to access and utilize blockchain technology.
Blockchain as a service is also sometimes referred to as BaaS, but the acronym is usually associated with backend as a service. These third-party service providers typically offer a range of templates, tools, and pre-configured blockchain networks to facilitate the development and deployment of blockchain apps or decentralized applications (dApps). These platforms provide various features, including smart contract functionality, identity management, and data storage.
Typically in traditional blockchain networks, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, users must download and maintain the entire blockchain ledger on their local machines. However, with blockchain as a service providers, users can leverage the infrastructure and resources provided by the third-party service provider for blockchain application development.
There are five types of blockchain as a service offerings, each catering to different requirements and use cases.
Public blockchain as a service
Public blockchain tools offer access to public blockchain networks, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, as a service. Users can build and deploy their applications on these existing public blockchains without setting up and maintaining their own nodes. Public blockchain platforms typically offer application programming interfaces (APIs) and tools to interact with the blockchain network, deploy smart contracts, and manage transactions.
Private blockchain as a service
Private blockchain platforms offer dedicated blockchain networks specifically designed for the requirements of a single organization or a confederation of organizations. These tools enable enterprises to develop and deploy private blockchains, allowing greater network access control and improved data privacy and governance. Private blockchain as a service solutions typically come with features like identity management and customizable smart contract templates.
Hybrid blockchain as a service
Hybrid blockchain as a service solutions combine the elements of both public and private blockchain platforms. They enable organizations to utilize the benefits of public blockchains, such as decentralization and transparency, while protecting sensitive data through private networks. Hybrid blockchain as a service solutions offer interoperability between public and private blockchains, offering secure and seamless data exchange between networks.
Integration blockchain as a service
Integration blockchain as a service solutions simplify the integration of blockchain technology with existing enterprise systems and applications. They offer APIs, connectors, and middleware that promote seamless interaction between blockchain networks and other enterprise systems like databases, cloud services, or IoT devices.
Developer-focused blockchain as a service
Developer-focused platforms offer tools, blockchain frameworks, and software development kits (SDKs) to support developers in developing and deploying blockchain apps. These tools typically offer features like smart contract development environments, testing frameworks, sample code, and documentation to fasten the development process.
Blockchain as a service providers simplify developing, deploying, and managing blockchain applications. Although the specific features may vary among providers, the following are some of the common features buyers can expect from this type of blockchain platform:
Blockchain infrastructure: These providers offer the underlying blockchain infrastructure as a service. This includes hardware, network, and software components to support blockchain functionalities, such as data storage, cryptographic security, and consensus algorithms.
Identity and access management: Blockchain as a service providers generally offer identity and access management features. This allows users to effectively manage permissions and access controls within the blockchain network. Such features ensure that only authorized users can interact with the blockchain and access sensitive data or perform transactions.
Smart contract functionality: Blockchain as a service providers typically include tools with smart contract capabilities, allowing users to create and deploy self-executing contracts on the blockchain. These providers also offer development environments, tools, and libraries to write, test, and deploy smart contracts.
Consensus mechanisms: Blockchain as a service providers support various consensus mechanisms that define how each transaction is validated and added to the blockchain. Users can choose consensus algorithms, such as proof of stake (PoS), proof of work (PoW), or practical byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT), based on the desired level of security, performance, and decentralization.
Monitoring and analytics: Blockchain as a service providers typically offer systems with monitoring and analytics capabilities to track the blockchain network's performance, activity, and health. These features provide real-time insights into the state of the network, transaction volumes, and other crucial metrics. This helps identify issues, optimize performance, and ensure the blockchain network's smooth operation.
Data storage and management: Blockchain as a service providers offer tools with storage options for blockchain data. This can be on-chain storage, where data is directly stored on the blockchain, or off-chain storage, where data is stored externally and linked to the blockchain through cryptographic hashes. They may also provide tools for querying and analyzing blockchain data.
Blockchain as a service providers simplify developing and deploying blockchain apps, making them more accessible to smaller businesses and budding developers. The following are some of its notable benefits:
Convenience: Developers and organizations can save time and effort in setting up their own blockchain infrastructure and focus more on developing and implementing their specific blockchain applications. It offers convenience and accessibility, allowing businesses to experiment with blockchain technology and easily build prototypes or production-ready applications.
Cost savings: The blockchain as a service model can be cost-effective compared to building and managing an independent blockchain infrastructure. Organizations can avoid the upfront costs of purchasing hardware, setting up data centers, and hiring specialized blockchain talent. Instead, they pay a subscription or usage-based fee for accessing the platform, including infrastructure, software, and support services.
Scalability: Blockchain as a service provider gives highly scalable tools with which the underlying blockchain infrastructure can handle increased user demands, workloads, and transaction volumes without requiring significant hardware upgrades or maintenance efforts from the user’s side. Additionally, it can reduce costs since users only pay for the resources they consume rather than invest in dedicated hardware and ongoing infrastructure maintenance.
Security: Blockchain as a service providers offer several security measures to protect blockchain data and transactions. They employ cryptographic techniques to secure data integrity, privacy, and authentication. Additionally, these platforms may offer features like encryption, digital signatures, and audit trails to enhance security and trust in blockchain technology.
Blockchain as a service providers makes blockchain technology more accessible to a broader range of companies, regardless of size. It reduces the technical barriers and complexity associated with blockchain development and deployment, enabling businesses without extensive blockchain expertise to experiment and leverage distributed ledger technology (DLT) benefits. The following are examples of some entities that utilize blockchain as a service providers:
Enterprises: Large enterprises can benefit from this by leveraging blockchain technology for their business processes and supply chain management. Blockchain as a service provides a streamlined approach to adopting blockchain, allowing them to experiment with proofs of concept, build prototypes, or deploy full-scale production-ready applications. It offers scalability, security, and integration capabilities that align with the requirements of enterprise-level deployments.
Consortiums: Blockchain as a service is often utilized by consortiums or collaborative networks involving multiple organizations. These networks, which can be found in industries like finance, healthcare, supply chain, or logistics, require a shared infrastructure to facilitate trust, transparency, and collaboration. Blockchain as a service allows consortium members to establish private blockchains, define governance models, and securely share data and transactions among participants.
Startups and SMEs: Fintech startups and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often lack the resources and expertise to build and maintain their own blockchain infrastructure. Blockchain as a service providers offer an accessible and cost-effective solution for these organizations to leverage blockchain technology without significant upfront investments or technical complexities.
Government agencies: Government agencies are increasingly exploring the potential of blockchain technology for enhancing transparency, traceability, and efficiency. Blockchain as a service providers enable government agencies to experiment with blockchain projects and implement solutions for secure document management, identity verification, land registry, voting systems, and more. These providers offer the necessary infrastructure and tools for the widespread adoption of blockchain technology.
Related solutions that can be used together with blockchain as a service include:
Smart contracts software: Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. They automatically execute predefined actions and transactions when specific conditions are met.
Cryptocurrency payment gateways: Cryptocurrency payment gateways are software solutions that facilitate the acceptance and processing of cryptocurrency payments for businesses. These gateways act as intermediaries between customers who want to make payments using cryptocurrencies and the businesses that accept these payments.
While blockchain as a service offers numerous benefits, there are also several challenges that organizations may face when adopting and implementing them. The following are some of the common challenges:
Vendor lock-in: Organizations may face vendor lock-in when using a specific blockchain as a service provider. If the chosen provider lacks interoperability or portability features, it can be difficult to migrate to another platform or to transition to self-hosted blockchain infrastructure. Organizations should carefully consider the long-term implications and potential limitations of vendor lock-in when selecting a service provider.
Regulatory compliance: Depending on the industry and jurisdiction, organizations may need to comply with specific regulatory requirements when implementing blockchain solutions. Blockchain as a service systems may not provide out-of-the-box compliance features or may have limitations in meeting certain regulatory standards. It is crucial for organizations to thoroughly understand and address the regulatory implications and compliance requirements associated with their chosen blockchain as a service provider.
Limited customization: These providers typically offer pre-configured blockchain environments and limited customization options. This can restrict the ability to tailor the blockchain network to specific requirements or to implement custom consensus algorithms or smart contract logic. Organizations with unique needs or complex use cases may find it challenging to achieve the desired level of customization with blockchain as a service system.
Data privacy and confidentiality: These providers typically store blockchain data on shared infrastructure, which can raise concerns about data privacy and confidentiality. Organizations that require strict control over their data or deal with sensitive information may find it challenging to ensure privacy and confidentiality within a shared blockchain as a service environment. Careful consideration should be given to data governance and privacy measures to mitigate potential risks.
The first step to purchasing a blockchain as a service is to outline the requirements. Buyers should list down the must-have and nice-to-have requirements and also have a clear understanding of the budget and other restrictions.
Create a long list
Once the requirements are outlined, buyers should create a list of blockchain service providers meeting the minimum requirements. At this stage, buyers should list as many products as possible that meet the basic requirements instead of looking for the best option.
Create a short list
After creating the long list, buyers should create a shorter list of products by analyzing end-user reviews and checking whether the product has nice to have features. Buyers can utilize G2.com for this step. Ideally, buyers should narrow it down to five to seven products in the short list.
To further refine the list, buyers can also look into additional features, such as bandwidth management and data security features. While blockchain as a service can offer cost savings compared to building and managing an independent blockchain infrastructure, the cost structure of these platforms can vary. Organizations should carefully evaluate the pricing models, subscription fees, transaction costs, and associated charges. It is important to consider the long-term costs and the potential impact on the organization's budget and financial sustainability.
Organizations must ensure the platform offers robust security measures, including encryption, access controls, identity management, and protection against vulnerabilities or attacks. Organizations should also consider the security of their data and transactions when utilizing third-party blockchain as a service providers.
Conduct demos
Once the short list is prepared, buyers can contact software vendors and schedule product demos. This is a great opportunity to get first-hand experience with the product, see if the product work as advertised, and ask feature-related questions.
Choose a selection team
Buyers should identify the key organizational stakeholders impacted by the blockchain as a service implementation. This may include representatives from IT, finance, operations, legal, compliance, and any other relevant departments. Ensure that all relevant perspectives and requirements are represented in the selection team.
Negotiation
Buyers can ask the providers for additional discounts based on the seats they purchase. If there are certain features in the platform the buyer may not utilize, they can ask the providers to remove them and avail of additional discounts.
Final decision
After conducting demos and discussing with the selection team, buyers would have a fair understanding of whether the blockchain as a service solution meets their requirements and performance criteria. If the selection team endorses the solution, the buyer can proceed with the contracting process. If not, buyers can return to the short list and test out more product options.
Integration with cloud services
Blockchain as a service providers are integrating their offerings with cloud service providers such as Microsoft Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud. This integration allows for seamless deployment and management of blockchain networks within existing cloud infrastructure. Organizations can leverage the scalability, security, and other benefits of cloud services alongside their blockchain implementations.
Integration with traditional enterprise systems
These platforms are improving their integration capabilities with existing enterprise systems like ERP, CRM, and supply chain management systems. This allows for seamless data flow between blockchain networks and legacy systems, enabling organizations to leverage the benefits of blockchain technology while maintaining compatibility with their established infrastructure.
Integration of decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible token (NFTs)
Blockchain as a service providers are incorporating features and tools to support DeFi applications and NFTs. These emerging areas within the blockchain space are gaining significant attention. Blockchain as a service providers are adapting to enable the development and deployment of DeFi protocols, NFT marketplaces, and related applications.