What is CPU scheduling?
Central processing unit (CPU) scheduling is a process where an operating system manages the completion of multiple processes on a single CPU. Since a CPU is a shared resource, scheduling determines which process can access the CPU at any given time and for how long.
This is a crucial element to multitasking environments where more than one process is vying for CPU time at once. Various scheduling algorithms are used to make these decisions, and each uses its own approach to determine which process should take priority.
The choice of algorithm depends on the needs of the system. Some prioritize faster turnaround times, while others ensure fair CPU allocation among processes. For example, an algorithm may choose First Come, First Served (FCFS) based on arrival time or Shortest Job Next (SJN) based on how long a process will take. There’s also Round Robin (RR), which allocates CPU time in fixed time allotments, ensuring fairness.
Ultimately, the goal of CPU scheduling is to optimize system performance, shorten response times, and make the most of the CPU’s capabilities, all while enhancing system throughput.
Learn more about operating systems, including the different types and their advantages.
